If you are having your car fixed, you expect the mechanic to know how your car functions in order to repair it. If you go through surgery, you might expect your surgeon to know how your body functions and the anesthesiologist to know how the anesthesia influences your nervous system. The latter is hot the case! While the auto mechanic knows every bolt and the surgeonevery vein, the anesthesiologist cannot give you a straight answer. Why? - Science simply has not provided a clear answer. In the Membrane Biophysics Group (MBG) at NBI we are working on a new radically different model of how nerves and anesthetic action.