Anatomical adaptations to gradients in soil water of wild species of Poaceae
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Anatomical adaptations to gradients in soil water of wild species of Poaceae. / Yamauchi, Takaki; Pedersen, Ole; Nakazono, Mikio; Tsutsumi, Nobuhiro.
2019. 25 Abstract from 2019 ISPA Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, Province of China.Research output: Contribution to conference › Conference abstract for conference › Research › peer-review
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TY - ABST
T1 - Anatomical adaptations to gradients in soil water of wild species of Poaceae
AU - Yamauchi, Takaki
AU - Pedersen, Ole
AU - Nakazono, Mikio
AU - Tsutsumi, Nobuhiro
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Roots of higher plants possess a stele (vascular cylinder) that contains xylem vessels. The stele is surrounded by the cortex where, in some species, lysigenous aerenchyma can be formed by death of the cortical cells. Although many studies have focused on the sizes of xylem or aerenchyma as related respectively to drought or flooding tolerances, possible trade-off between the stele and cortex sizes has received much less attention. Recently, we found that the ratio of cortex to stele area (CSR) is higher in roots of the wetland rice than those of the upland crops, and that roots with a greater CSR can transport more oxygen to the root tips. In this study, we evaluated the root anatomy of 18 wild Poaceae species collected from a range of habitats with various soil water contents. We found that the species growing in higher soil water contents have greater CSR, and the species in soils with lower water contents have lower CSR. These results indicate that wetland and dryland species, respectively, have larger proportions of cortex and stele. Further anatomical analyses revealed that aerenchyma to cortex ratio (ACR) is higher in the species growing in both higher and lower soil water contents, and xylem to stele ratio (XSR) is higher in the species with higher water contents. Finally, we constructed correlation models between CSR, ACR, or XSR and soil water contents of wild Poaceae species. Using these models, we were able to isolate the relevant anatomical features that are essential for successful adaptation to habitats differing in soil water status. From the results of these studies, we will discuss the possible application of these indices into the improvements of crop tolerance to drought or soil flooding.
AB - Roots of higher plants possess a stele (vascular cylinder) that contains xylem vessels. The stele is surrounded by the cortex where, in some species, lysigenous aerenchyma can be formed by death of the cortical cells. Although many studies have focused on the sizes of xylem or aerenchyma as related respectively to drought or flooding tolerances, possible trade-off between the stele and cortex sizes has received much less attention. Recently, we found that the ratio of cortex to stele area (CSR) is higher in roots of the wetland rice than those of the upland crops, and that roots with a greater CSR can transport more oxygen to the root tips. In this study, we evaluated the root anatomy of 18 wild Poaceae species collected from a range of habitats with various soil water contents. We found that the species growing in higher soil water contents have greater CSR, and the species in soils with lower water contents have lower CSR. These results indicate that wetland and dryland species, respectively, have larger proportions of cortex and stele. Further anatomical analyses revealed that aerenchyma to cortex ratio (ACR) is higher in the species growing in both higher and lower soil water contents, and xylem to stele ratio (XSR) is higher in the species with higher water contents. Finally, we constructed correlation models between CSR, ACR, or XSR and soil water contents of wild Poaceae species. Using these models, we were able to isolate the relevant anatomical features that are essential for successful adaptation to habitats differing in soil water status. From the results of these studies, we will discuss the possible application of these indices into the improvements of crop tolerance to drought or soil flooding.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - wetland plant
KW - wetland grass
KW - grass
KW - Poaceae
KW - root traits
KW - CSR
KW - ACR
KW - XSR
KW - aerenchyma
KW - waterlogging
KW - flooding
KW - flooding stress
KW - flood tolerance
KW - flood tolerant
M3 - Conference abstract for conference
SP - 25
T2 - 2019 ISPA Conference
Y2 - 2 June 2019 through 5 June 2019
ER -
ID: 214127415