Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

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Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period. / Gabriel, Imogen; Plunkett, Gill; Abbott, Peter M.; Behrens, Melanie; Burke, Andrea; Chellman, Nathan; Cook, Eliza; Fleitmann, Dominik; Hörhold, Maria; Hutchison, William; McConnell, Joseph R.; Óladóttir, Bergrún A.; Preiser-Kapeller, Johannes; Sliwinski, Jakub T.; Sugden, Patrick; Twarloh, Birthe; Sigl, Michael.

In: Communications Earth and Environment, Vol. 5, No. 1, 194, 10.04.2024.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Gabriel, I, Plunkett, G, Abbott, PM, Behrens, M, Burke, A, Chellman, N, Cook, E, Fleitmann, D, Hörhold, M, Hutchison, W, McConnell, JR, Óladóttir, BA, Preiser-Kapeller, J, Sliwinski, JT, Sugden, P, Twarloh, B & Sigl, M 2024, 'Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period', Communications Earth and Environment, vol. 5, no. 1, 194. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6

APA

Gabriel, I., Plunkett, G., Abbott, P. M., Behrens, M., Burke, A., Chellman, N., Cook, E., Fleitmann, D., Hörhold, M., Hutchison, W., McConnell, J. R., Óladóttir, B. A., Preiser-Kapeller, J., Sliwinski, J. T., Sugden, P., Twarloh, B., & Sigl, M. (2024). Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period. Communications Earth and Environment, 5(1), [194]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6

Vancouver

Gabriel I, Plunkett G, Abbott PM, Behrens M, Burke A, Chellman N et al. Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period. Communications Earth and Environment. 2024 Apr 10;5(1). 194. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6

Author

Gabriel, Imogen ; Plunkett, Gill ; Abbott, Peter M. ; Behrens, Melanie ; Burke, Andrea ; Chellman, Nathan ; Cook, Eliza ; Fleitmann, Dominik ; Hörhold, Maria ; Hutchison, William ; McConnell, Joseph R. ; Óladóttir, Bergrún A. ; Preiser-Kapeller, Johannes ; Sliwinski, Jakub T. ; Sugden, Patrick ; Twarloh, Birthe ; Sigl, Michael. / Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period. In: Communications Earth and Environment. 2024 ; Vol. 5, No. 1.

Bibtex

@article{0d251bfb0d8a4d9ab61640a7fcf96011,
title = "Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period",
abstract = "Existing global volcanic radiative aerosol forcing estimates portray the period 700 to 1000 as volcanically quiescent, void of major volcanic eruptions. However, this disagrees with proximal Icelandic geological records and regional Greenland ice-core records of sulfate. Here, we use cryptotephra analyses, high-resolution sulfur isotope analyses, and glaciochemical volcanic tracers on an array of Greenland ice cores to characterise volcanic activity and climatically important sulfuric aerosols across the period 700 to 1000. We identify a prolonged episode of volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions (751–940) dominated by Icelandic volcanism, that we term the Icelandic Active Period. This period commences with the Hrafnkatla episode (751–763), which coincided with strong winter cooling anomalies across Europe. This study reveals an important contribution of prolonged volcanic sulfate emissions to the pre-industrial atmospheric aerosol burden, currently not considered in existing forcing estimates, and highlights the need for further research to disentangle their associated climate feedbacks.",
author = "Imogen Gabriel and Gill Plunkett and Abbott, {Peter M.} and Melanie Behrens and Andrea Burke and Nathan Chellman and Eliza Cook and Dominik Fleitmann and Maria H{\"o}rhold and William Hutchison and McConnell, {Joseph R.} and {\'O}lad{\'o}ttir, {Bergr{\'u}n A.} and Johannes Preiser-Kapeller and Sliwinski, {Jakub T.} and Patrick Sugden and Birthe Twarloh and Michael Sigl",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2024.",
year = "2024",
month = apr,
day = "10",
doi = "10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6",
language = "English",
volume = "5",
journal = "Communications Earth and Environment",
issn = "2662-4435",
publisher = "Nature Research",
number = "1",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period

AU - Gabriel, Imogen

AU - Plunkett, Gill

AU - Abbott, Peter M.

AU - Behrens, Melanie

AU - Burke, Andrea

AU - Chellman, Nathan

AU - Cook, Eliza

AU - Fleitmann, Dominik

AU - Hörhold, Maria

AU - Hutchison, William

AU - McConnell, Joseph R.

AU - Óladóttir, Bergrún A.

AU - Preiser-Kapeller, Johannes

AU - Sliwinski, Jakub T.

AU - Sugden, Patrick

AU - Twarloh, Birthe

AU - Sigl, Michael

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.

PY - 2024/4/10

Y1 - 2024/4/10

N2 - Existing global volcanic radiative aerosol forcing estimates portray the period 700 to 1000 as volcanically quiescent, void of major volcanic eruptions. However, this disagrees with proximal Icelandic geological records and regional Greenland ice-core records of sulfate. Here, we use cryptotephra analyses, high-resolution sulfur isotope analyses, and glaciochemical volcanic tracers on an array of Greenland ice cores to characterise volcanic activity and climatically important sulfuric aerosols across the period 700 to 1000. We identify a prolonged episode of volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions (751–940) dominated by Icelandic volcanism, that we term the Icelandic Active Period. This period commences with the Hrafnkatla episode (751–763), which coincided with strong winter cooling anomalies across Europe. This study reveals an important contribution of prolonged volcanic sulfate emissions to the pre-industrial atmospheric aerosol burden, currently not considered in existing forcing estimates, and highlights the need for further research to disentangle their associated climate feedbacks.

AB - Existing global volcanic radiative aerosol forcing estimates portray the period 700 to 1000 as volcanically quiescent, void of major volcanic eruptions. However, this disagrees with proximal Icelandic geological records and regional Greenland ice-core records of sulfate. Here, we use cryptotephra analyses, high-resolution sulfur isotope analyses, and glaciochemical volcanic tracers on an array of Greenland ice cores to characterise volcanic activity and climatically important sulfuric aerosols across the period 700 to 1000. We identify a prolonged episode of volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions (751–940) dominated by Icelandic volcanism, that we term the Icelandic Active Period. This period commences with the Hrafnkatla episode (751–763), which coincided with strong winter cooling anomalies across Europe. This study reveals an important contribution of prolonged volcanic sulfate emissions to the pre-industrial atmospheric aerosol burden, currently not considered in existing forcing estimates, and highlights the need for further research to disentangle their associated climate feedbacks.

U2 - 10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6

DO - 10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85189969850

VL - 5

JO - Communications Earth and Environment

JF - Communications Earth and Environment

SN - 2662-4435

IS - 1

M1 - 194

ER -

ID: 389361167