Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60-9 ka)

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Standard

Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60-9 ka). / Lin, Jiamei; Svensson, Anders; Hvidberg, Christine S.; Lohmann, Johannes; Kristiansen, Steffen; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Steffensen, Jorgen Peder; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Cook, Eliza; Kjaer, Helle Astrid; Vinther, Bo M.; Fischer, Hubertus; Stocker, Thomas; Sigl, Michael; Bigler, Matthias; Severi, Mirko; Traversi, Rita; Mulvaney, Robert.

In: Climate of the Past, Vol. 18, No. 3, 15.03.2022, p. 485-506.

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Harvard

Lin, J, Svensson, A, Hvidberg, CS, Lohmann, J, Kristiansen, S, Dahl-Jensen, D, Steffensen, JP, Rasmussen, SO, Cook, E, Kjaer, HA, Vinther, BM, Fischer, H, Stocker, T, Sigl, M, Bigler, M, Severi, M, Traversi, R & Mulvaney, R 2022, 'Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60-9 ka)', Climate of the Past, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 485-506. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-485-2022

APA

Lin, J., Svensson, A., Hvidberg, C. S., Lohmann, J., Kristiansen, S., Dahl-Jensen, D., Steffensen, J. P., Rasmussen, S. O., Cook, E., Kjaer, H. A., Vinther, B. M., Fischer, H., Stocker, T., Sigl, M., Bigler, M., Severi, M., Traversi, R., & Mulvaney, R. (2022). Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60-9 ka). Climate of the Past, 18(3), 485-506. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-485-2022

Vancouver

Lin J, Svensson A, Hvidberg CS, Lohmann J, Kristiansen S, Dahl-Jensen D et al. Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60-9 ka). Climate of the Past. 2022 Mar 15;18(3):485-506. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-485-2022

Author

Lin, Jiamei ; Svensson, Anders ; Hvidberg, Christine S. ; Lohmann, Johannes ; Kristiansen, Steffen ; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe ; Steffensen, Jorgen Peder ; Rasmussen, Sune Olander ; Cook, Eliza ; Kjaer, Helle Astrid ; Vinther, Bo M. ; Fischer, Hubertus ; Stocker, Thomas ; Sigl, Michael ; Bigler, Matthias ; Severi, Mirko ; Traversi, Rita ; Mulvaney, Robert. / Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60-9 ka). In: Climate of the Past. 2022 ; Vol. 18, No. 3. pp. 485-506.

Bibtex

@article{fee9ee7342144bf99c49cdeee0ee5dbb,
title = "Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60-9 ka)",
abstract = "Large volcanic eruptions occurring in the last glacial period can be detected by their accompanying sulfuric acid deposition in continuous ice cores. Here we employ continuous sulfate and sulfur records from three Greenland and three Antarctic ice cores to estimate the emission strength, the frequency and the climatic forcing of large volcanic eruptions that occurred during the second half of the last glacial period and the early Holocene, 60-9 kyr before 2000 CE (b2k). Over most of the investigated interval the ice cores are synchronized, making it possible to distinguish large eruptions with a global sulfate distribution from eruptions detectable in one hemisphere only. Due to limited data resolution and large variability in the sulfate background signal, particularly in the Greenland glacial climate, we only list Greenland sulfate depositions larger than 20 kg km(-2) and Antarctic sulfate depositions larger than 10 kg km(-2). With those restrictions, we identify 1113 volcanic eruptions in Greenland and 737 eruptions in Antarctica within the 51 kyr period - for which the sulfate deposition of 85 eruptions is found at both poles (bipolar eruptions). Based on the ratio of Greenland and Antarctic sulfate deposition, we estimate the latitudinal band of the bipolar eruptions and assess their approximate climatic forcing based on established methods. A total of 25 of the identified bipolar eruptions are larger than any volcanic eruption occurring in the last 2500 years, and 69 eruptions are estimated to have larger sulfur emission strengths than the Tambora, Indonesia, eruption (1815 CE). Throughout the investigated period, the frequency of volcanic eruptions is rather constant and comparable to that of recent times. During the deglacial period (16-9 kab2k), however, there is a notable increase in the frequency of volcanic events recorded in Greenland and an obvious increase in the fraction of very large eruptions. For Antarctica, the deglacial period cannot be distinguished from other periods. This confirms the suggestion that the isostatic unloading of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) ice sheets may be related to the enhanced NH volcanic activity. Our ice-core-based volcanic sulfate records provide the atmospheric sulfate burden and estimates of climate forcing for further research on climate impact and understanding the mechanism of the Earth system.",
keywords = "EPICA-DOME-C, WEST ANTARCTICA, EAST ANTARCTICA, WAIS DIVIDE, CHRONOLOGY AICC2012, WD2014 CHRONOLOGY, OXYGEN-ISOTOPE, ASH LAYERS, RECORDS, ERUPTION",
author = "Jiamei Lin and Anders Svensson and Hvidberg, {Christine S.} and Johannes Lohmann and Steffen Kristiansen and Dorthe Dahl-Jensen and Steffensen, {Jorgen Peder} and Rasmussen, {Sune Olander} and Eliza Cook and Kjaer, {Helle Astrid} and Vinther, {Bo M.} and Hubertus Fischer and Thomas Stocker and Michael Sigl and Matthias Bigler and Mirko Severi and Rita Traversi and Robert Mulvaney",
year = "2022",
month = mar,
day = "15",
doi = "10.5194/cp-18-485-2022",
language = "English",
volume = "18",
pages = "485--506",
journal = "Climate of the Past",
issn = "1814-9324",
publisher = "Copernicus GmbH",
number = "3",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60-9 ka)

AU - Lin, Jiamei

AU - Svensson, Anders

AU - Hvidberg, Christine S.

AU - Lohmann, Johannes

AU - Kristiansen, Steffen

AU - Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe

AU - Steffensen, Jorgen Peder

AU - Rasmussen, Sune Olander

AU - Cook, Eliza

AU - Kjaer, Helle Astrid

AU - Vinther, Bo M.

AU - Fischer, Hubertus

AU - Stocker, Thomas

AU - Sigl, Michael

AU - Bigler, Matthias

AU - Severi, Mirko

AU - Traversi, Rita

AU - Mulvaney, Robert

PY - 2022/3/15

Y1 - 2022/3/15

N2 - Large volcanic eruptions occurring in the last glacial period can be detected by their accompanying sulfuric acid deposition in continuous ice cores. Here we employ continuous sulfate and sulfur records from three Greenland and three Antarctic ice cores to estimate the emission strength, the frequency and the climatic forcing of large volcanic eruptions that occurred during the second half of the last glacial period and the early Holocene, 60-9 kyr before 2000 CE (b2k). Over most of the investigated interval the ice cores are synchronized, making it possible to distinguish large eruptions with a global sulfate distribution from eruptions detectable in one hemisphere only. Due to limited data resolution and large variability in the sulfate background signal, particularly in the Greenland glacial climate, we only list Greenland sulfate depositions larger than 20 kg km(-2) and Antarctic sulfate depositions larger than 10 kg km(-2). With those restrictions, we identify 1113 volcanic eruptions in Greenland and 737 eruptions in Antarctica within the 51 kyr period - for which the sulfate deposition of 85 eruptions is found at both poles (bipolar eruptions). Based on the ratio of Greenland and Antarctic sulfate deposition, we estimate the latitudinal band of the bipolar eruptions and assess their approximate climatic forcing based on established methods. A total of 25 of the identified bipolar eruptions are larger than any volcanic eruption occurring in the last 2500 years, and 69 eruptions are estimated to have larger sulfur emission strengths than the Tambora, Indonesia, eruption (1815 CE). Throughout the investigated period, the frequency of volcanic eruptions is rather constant and comparable to that of recent times. During the deglacial period (16-9 kab2k), however, there is a notable increase in the frequency of volcanic events recorded in Greenland and an obvious increase in the fraction of very large eruptions. For Antarctica, the deglacial period cannot be distinguished from other periods. This confirms the suggestion that the isostatic unloading of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) ice sheets may be related to the enhanced NH volcanic activity. Our ice-core-based volcanic sulfate records provide the atmospheric sulfate burden and estimates of climate forcing for further research on climate impact and understanding the mechanism of the Earth system.

AB - Large volcanic eruptions occurring in the last glacial period can be detected by their accompanying sulfuric acid deposition in continuous ice cores. Here we employ continuous sulfate and sulfur records from three Greenland and three Antarctic ice cores to estimate the emission strength, the frequency and the climatic forcing of large volcanic eruptions that occurred during the second half of the last glacial period and the early Holocene, 60-9 kyr before 2000 CE (b2k). Over most of the investigated interval the ice cores are synchronized, making it possible to distinguish large eruptions with a global sulfate distribution from eruptions detectable in one hemisphere only. Due to limited data resolution and large variability in the sulfate background signal, particularly in the Greenland glacial climate, we only list Greenland sulfate depositions larger than 20 kg km(-2) and Antarctic sulfate depositions larger than 10 kg km(-2). With those restrictions, we identify 1113 volcanic eruptions in Greenland and 737 eruptions in Antarctica within the 51 kyr period - for which the sulfate deposition of 85 eruptions is found at both poles (bipolar eruptions). Based on the ratio of Greenland and Antarctic sulfate deposition, we estimate the latitudinal band of the bipolar eruptions and assess their approximate climatic forcing based on established methods. A total of 25 of the identified bipolar eruptions are larger than any volcanic eruption occurring in the last 2500 years, and 69 eruptions are estimated to have larger sulfur emission strengths than the Tambora, Indonesia, eruption (1815 CE). Throughout the investigated period, the frequency of volcanic eruptions is rather constant and comparable to that of recent times. During the deglacial period (16-9 kab2k), however, there is a notable increase in the frequency of volcanic events recorded in Greenland and an obvious increase in the fraction of very large eruptions. For Antarctica, the deglacial period cannot be distinguished from other periods. This confirms the suggestion that the isostatic unloading of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) ice sheets may be related to the enhanced NH volcanic activity. Our ice-core-based volcanic sulfate records provide the atmospheric sulfate burden and estimates of climate forcing for further research on climate impact and understanding the mechanism of the Earth system.

KW - EPICA-DOME-C

KW - WEST ANTARCTICA

KW - EAST ANTARCTICA

KW - WAIS DIVIDE

KW - CHRONOLOGY AICC2012

KW - WD2014 CHRONOLOGY

KW - OXYGEN-ISOTOPE

KW - ASH LAYERS

KW - RECORDS

KW - ERUPTION

U2 - 10.5194/cp-18-485-2022

DO - 10.5194/cp-18-485-2022

M3 - Journal article

VL - 18

SP - 485

EP - 506

JO - Climate of the Past

JF - Climate of the Past

SN - 1814-9324

IS - 3

ER -

ID: 302381945