Mineralogy, morphology, and emplacement history of the Maaz formation on the Jezero crater floor from orbital and rover observations
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Mineralogy, morphology, and emplacement history of the Maaz formation on the Jezero crater floor from orbital and rover observations. / Horgan, Briony; Udry, Arya; Rice, Melissa; Alwmark, Sanna; Amundsen, Hans E. F.; Bell, James F.; Crumpler, Larry; Garczynski, Brad; Johnson, Jeff; Kinch, Kjartan; Mandon, Lucia; Merusi, Marco; Million, Chase; Núñez, Jorge I.; Russell, Patrick; Simon, Justin I.; St. Clair, Michael; Stack, Kathryn M.; Vaughan, Alicia; Wogsland, Brittan; Annex, Andrew; Bechtold, Andreas; Berger, Tor; Beyssac, Olivier; Brown, Adrian; Cloutis, Ed; Cohen, Barbara A.; Fagents, Sarah; Kah, Linda; Farley, Ken; Flannery, David; Gupta, Sanjeev; Hamran, Svein‐erik; Liu, Yang; Paar, Gerhard; Quantin‐nataf, Cathy; Randazzo, Nicolas; Ravanis, Eleni; Sholes, Steven; Shuster, David; Sun, Vivian; Tate, Christian; Tosca, Nick; Wadhwa, Mini; Wiens, Roger C.
In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 128, No. 8, e2022JE007612, 01.08.2023.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Mineralogy, morphology, and emplacement history of the Maaz formation on the Jezero crater floor from orbital and rover observations
AU - Horgan, Briony
AU - Udry, Arya
AU - Rice, Melissa
AU - Alwmark, Sanna
AU - Amundsen, Hans E. F.
AU - Bell, James F.
AU - Crumpler, Larry
AU - Garczynski, Brad
AU - Johnson, Jeff
AU - Kinch, Kjartan
AU - Mandon, Lucia
AU - Merusi, Marco
AU - Million, Chase
AU - Núñez, Jorge I.
AU - Russell, Patrick
AU - Simon, Justin I.
AU - St. Clair, Michael
AU - Stack, Kathryn M.
AU - Vaughan, Alicia
AU - Wogsland, Brittan
AU - Annex, Andrew
AU - Bechtold, Andreas
AU - Berger, Tor
AU - Beyssac, Olivier
AU - Brown, Adrian
AU - Cloutis, Ed
AU - Cohen, Barbara A.
AU - Fagents, Sarah
AU - Kah, Linda
AU - Farley, Ken
AU - Flannery, David
AU - Gupta, Sanjeev
AU - Hamran, Svein‐erik
AU - Liu, Yang
AU - Paar, Gerhard
AU - Quantin‐nataf, Cathy
AU - Randazzo, Nicolas
AU - Ravanis, Eleni
AU - Sholes, Steven
AU - Shuster, David
AU - Sun, Vivian
AU - Tate, Christian
AU - Tosca, Nick
AU - Wadhwa, Mini
AU - Wiens, Roger C.
PY - 2023/8/1
Y1 - 2023/8/1
N2 - The first samples collected by the Perseverance rover on the Mars 2020 mission were from the Maaz formation, a lava plain that covers most of the floor of Jezero crater. Laboratory analysis of these samples back on Earth would provide important constraints on the petrologic history, aqueous processes, and timing of key events in Jezero crater. However, interpreting these samples requires a detailed understanding of the emplacement and modification history of the Maaz formation. Here we synthesize rover and orbital remote sensing data to link outcrop-scale interpretations to the broader history of the crater, including Mastcam-Z mosaics and multispectral images, SuperCam chemistry and reflectance point spectra, RIMFAX ground penetrating radar, and orbital hyperspectral reflectance and high-resolution images. We show that the Maaz formation is composed of a series of distinct members corresponding to basaltic to basaltic-andesite lava flows. The members exhibit variable spectral signatures dominated by high-Ca pyroxene, Fe-bearing feldspar, and hematite, which can be tied directly to igneous grains and altered matrix in abrasion patches. Spectral variations correlate with morphological variations, from recessive layers that produce a regolith lag in lower Maaz, to weathered polygonally fractured paleosurfaces and crater-retaining massive blocky hummocks in upper Maaz. The Maaz members were likely separated by one or more extended periods of time, and were subjected to variable erosion, burial, exhumation, weathering, and tectonic modification. The two unique samples from the Maaz formation are representative of this diversity, and together will provide an important geochronological framework for the history of Jezero crater.
AB - The first samples collected by the Perseverance rover on the Mars 2020 mission were from the Maaz formation, a lava plain that covers most of the floor of Jezero crater. Laboratory analysis of these samples back on Earth would provide important constraints on the petrologic history, aqueous processes, and timing of key events in Jezero crater. However, interpreting these samples requires a detailed understanding of the emplacement and modification history of the Maaz formation. Here we synthesize rover and orbital remote sensing data to link outcrop-scale interpretations to the broader history of the crater, including Mastcam-Z mosaics and multispectral images, SuperCam chemistry and reflectance point spectra, RIMFAX ground penetrating radar, and orbital hyperspectral reflectance and high-resolution images. We show that the Maaz formation is composed of a series of distinct members corresponding to basaltic to basaltic-andesite lava flows. The members exhibit variable spectral signatures dominated by high-Ca pyroxene, Fe-bearing feldspar, and hematite, which can be tied directly to igneous grains and altered matrix in abrasion patches. Spectral variations correlate with morphological variations, from recessive layers that produce a regolith lag in lower Maaz, to weathered polygonally fractured paleosurfaces and crater-retaining massive blocky hummocks in upper Maaz. The Maaz members were likely separated by one or more extended periods of time, and were subjected to variable erosion, burial, exhumation, weathering, and tectonic modification. The two unique samples from the Maaz formation are representative of this diversity, and together will provide an important geochronological framework for the history of Jezero crater.
U2 - 10.1029/2022JE007612
DO - 10.1029/2022JE007612
M3 - Journal article
VL - 128
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
SN - 0148-0227
IS - 8
M1 - e2022JE007612
ER -
ID: 360608296