An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*
Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*. / Sahu, Kailash C.; Anderson, Jay; Casertano, Stefano; Bond, Howard E.; Udalski, Andrzej; Dominik, Martin; Calamida, Annalisa; Bellini, Andrea; Brown, Thomas M.; Rejkuba, Marina; Bajaj, Varun; Kains, Noe; Ferguson, Henry C.; Fryer, Chris L.; Yock, Philip; Mroz, Przemek; Kozlowski, Szymon; Pietrukowicz, Pawel; Poleski, Radek; Skowron, Jan; Soszynski, Igor; Szymanski, Michal K.; Ulaczyk, Krzysztof; Wyrzykowski, Lukasz; Barry, Richard K.; Bennett, David P.; Bond, Ian A.; Hirao, Yuki; Silva, Stela Ishitani; Kondo, Iona; Koshimoto, Naoki; Ranc, Clement; Rattenbury, Nicholas J.; Sumi, Takahiro; Suzuki, Daisuke; Tristram, Paul J.; Vandorou, Aikaterini; Beaulieu, Philippe; Marquette, Jean-Baptiste; Cole, Andrew; Fouque, Pascal; Hill, Kym; Dieters, Stefan; Coutures, Christian; Dominis-Prester, Dijana; Bennett, Clara; Jorgensen, Uffe G.; Andersen, Michael; Hundertmark, Markus; Skottfelt, Jesper; OGLE Collaboration; MOA Collaboration; PLANET Collaboration; FUN Collaboration; MINDSTEp Consortium; RoboNet Collaboration.
I: Astrophysical Journal, Bind 933, Nr. 1, 83, 01.07.2022.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*
AU - Sahu, Kailash C.
AU - Anderson, Jay
AU - Casertano, Stefano
AU - Bond, Howard E.
AU - Udalski, Andrzej
AU - Dominik, Martin
AU - Calamida, Annalisa
AU - Bellini, Andrea
AU - Brown, Thomas M.
AU - Rejkuba, Marina
AU - Bajaj, Varun
AU - Kains, Noe
AU - Ferguson, Henry C.
AU - Fryer, Chris L.
AU - Yock, Philip
AU - Mroz, Przemek
AU - Kozlowski, Szymon
AU - Pietrukowicz, Pawel
AU - Poleski, Radek
AU - Skowron, Jan
AU - Soszynski, Igor
AU - Szymanski, Michal K.
AU - Ulaczyk, Krzysztof
AU - Wyrzykowski, Lukasz
AU - Barry, Richard K.
AU - Bennett, David P.
AU - Bond, Ian A.
AU - Hirao, Yuki
AU - Silva, Stela Ishitani
AU - Kondo, Iona
AU - Koshimoto, Naoki
AU - Ranc, Clement
AU - Rattenbury, Nicholas J.
AU - Sumi, Takahiro
AU - Suzuki, Daisuke
AU - Tristram, Paul J.
AU - Vandorou, Aikaterini
AU - Beaulieu, Philippe
AU - Marquette, Jean-Baptiste
AU - Cole, Andrew
AU - Fouque, Pascal
AU - Hill, Kym
AU - Dieters, Stefan
AU - Coutures, Christian
AU - Dominis-Prester, Dijana
AU - Bennett, Clara
AU - Jorgensen, Uffe G.
AU - Andersen, Michael
AU - Hundertmark, Markus
AU - Skottfelt, Jesper
AU - OGLE Collaboration
AU - MOA Collaboration
AU - PLANET Collaboration
AU - FUN Collaboration
AU - MINDSTEp Consortium
AU - RoboNet Collaboration
PY - 2022/7/1
Y1 - 2022/7/1
N2 - We report the first unambiguous detection and mass measurement of an isolated stellar-mass black hole (BH). We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to carry out precise astrometry of the source star of the long-duration (t (E) similar or equal to 270 days), high-magnification microlensing event MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 (hereafter designated as MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462), in the direction of the Galactic bulge. HST imaging, conducted at eight epochs over an interval of 6 yr, reveals a clear relativistic astrometric deflection of the background star's apparent position. Ground-based photometry of MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462 shows a parallactic signature of the effect of Earth's motion on the microlensing light curve. Combining the HST astrometry with the ground-based light curve and the derived parallax, we obtain a lens mass of 7.1 +/- 1.3 M (circle dot) and a distance of 1.58 +/- 0.18 kpc. We show that the lens emits no detectable light, which, along with having a mass higher than is possible for a white dwarf or neutron star, confirms its BH nature. Our analysis also provides an absolute proper motion for the BH. The proper motion is offset from the mean motion of Galactic disk stars at similar distances by an amount corresponding to a transverse space velocity of similar to 45 km s(-1), suggesting that the BH received a "natal kick" from its supernova explosion. Previous mass determinations for stellar-mass BHs have come from radial velocity measurements of Galactic X-ray binaries and from gravitational radiation emitted by merging BHs in binary systems in external galaxies. Our mass measurement is the first for an isolated stellar-mass BH using any technique.
AB - We report the first unambiguous detection and mass measurement of an isolated stellar-mass black hole (BH). We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to carry out precise astrometry of the source star of the long-duration (t (E) similar or equal to 270 days), high-magnification microlensing event MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 (hereafter designated as MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462), in the direction of the Galactic bulge. HST imaging, conducted at eight epochs over an interval of 6 yr, reveals a clear relativistic astrometric deflection of the background star's apparent position. Ground-based photometry of MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462 shows a parallactic signature of the effect of Earth's motion on the microlensing light curve. Combining the HST astrometry with the ground-based light curve and the derived parallax, we obtain a lens mass of 7.1 +/- 1.3 M (circle dot) and a distance of 1.58 +/- 0.18 kpc. We show that the lens emits no detectable light, which, along with having a mass higher than is possible for a white dwarf or neutron star, confirms its BH nature. Our analysis also provides an absolute proper motion for the BH. The proper motion is offset from the mean motion of Galactic disk stars at similar distances by an amount corresponding to a transverse space velocity of similar to 45 km s(-1), suggesting that the BH received a "natal kick" from its supernova explosion. Previous mass determinations for stellar-mass BHs have come from radial velocity measurements of Galactic X-ray binaries and from gravitational radiation emitted by merging BHs in binary systems in external galaxies. Our mass measurement is the first for an isolated stellar-mass BH using any technique.
KW - GRAVITATIONAL LENS
KW - BINARY
KW - EVOLUTION
KW - STAR
KW - PHOTOMETRY
KW - PARALLAX
KW - PLANETS
KW - EVENTS
KW - DEFLECTION
KW - RESOLUTION
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e
M3 - Journal article
VL - 933
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
SN - 0004-637X
IS - 1
M1 - 83
ER -
ID: 315392839