Is calorie restriction beneficial for normal-weight individuals? A narrative review of the effects of weight loss in the presence and absence of obesity
Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Review › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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Is calorie restriction beneficial for normal-weight individuals? A narrative review of the effects of weight loss in the presence and absence of obesity. / Magkos, Faidon.
I: Nutrition Reviews, Bind 80, Nr. 7, 2022, s. 1811-1825.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Review › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Is calorie restriction beneficial for normal-weight individuals? A narrative review of the effects of weight loss in the presence and absence of obesity
AU - Magkos, Faidon
N1 - © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Calorie restriction regimens are popular for their purported health-promoting effects. However, it is unclear whether chronic reduction in energy intake and subsequent weight loss have beneficial effects in the absence of obesity. To this end, the results of studies that examined the effects of the same diet-induced weight loss in individuals with and without obesity were reviewed. The contribution of lean mass to the total amount of weight lost is greater in participants without obesity than in those with obesity, but the reductions in resting, nonresting, and total energy expenditure are of similar magnitude. Both in the presence as well as in the absence of obesity, weight loss decreases visceral adipose tissue and liver fat, increases insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle (insulin-mediated whole-body glucose disposal rate) and in adipose tissue (meal-induced or insulin-induced suppression of plasma free fatty acid concentration), and augments insulin clearance rate, without affecting pancreatic insulin secretion. These effects are of similar magnitude in participants with and without obesity and result in reductions in fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. These data suggest that the same degree of calorie restriction and the same amount of weight loss have multiple beneficial effects on health outcomes in individuals without obesity, similar to those observed in individuals with obesity.
AB - Calorie restriction regimens are popular for their purported health-promoting effects. However, it is unclear whether chronic reduction in energy intake and subsequent weight loss have beneficial effects in the absence of obesity. To this end, the results of studies that examined the effects of the same diet-induced weight loss in individuals with and without obesity were reviewed. The contribution of lean mass to the total amount of weight lost is greater in participants without obesity than in those with obesity, but the reductions in resting, nonresting, and total energy expenditure are of similar magnitude. Both in the presence as well as in the absence of obesity, weight loss decreases visceral adipose tissue and liver fat, increases insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle (insulin-mediated whole-body glucose disposal rate) and in adipose tissue (meal-induced or insulin-induced suppression of plasma free fatty acid concentration), and augments insulin clearance rate, without affecting pancreatic insulin secretion. These effects are of similar magnitude in participants with and without obesity and result in reductions in fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. These data suggest that the same degree of calorie restriction and the same amount of weight loss have multiple beneficial effects on health outcomes in individuals without obesity, similar to those observed in individuals with obesity.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Calorie restriction
KW - Diet
KW - Obesity phenotypes
KW - Underfeeding
KW - Weight loss
KW - Beneficial effects
KW - Health outcomes
KW - Individuals without obesity
KW - Individuals with obesity
U2 - 10.1093/nutrit/nuac006
DO - 10.1093/nutrit/nuac006
M3 - Review
C2 - 35190812
VL - 80
SP - 1811
EP - 1825
JO - Nutrition Reviews
JF - Nutrition Reviews
SN - 0029-6643
IS - 7
ER -
ID: 297352842