Pancreatic effects of GLP-1
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Pancreatic effects of GLP-1. / Kuhre, Rune Ehrenreich; Albrechtsen, Nicolai Jacob Wewer; Holst, Jens Juul.
Diapedia: The Living Textbook of Diabetes. European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), 2014.Publikation: Bidrag til bog/antologi/rapport › Encyclopædiartikel › Formidling
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T1 - Pancreatic effects of GLP-1
AU - Kuhre, Rune Ehrenreich
AU - Albrechtsen, Nicolai Jacob Wewer
AU - Holst, Jens Juul
PY - 2014/12/22
Y1 - 2014/12/22
N2 - Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a key hormone for regulation of blood glucose and satiety in humans. It is produced by L-cells of the gut epithelium and is particularly known as an incretin hormone that reduces post prandial blood glucose levels by stimulation of insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. But perhaps equally importantly, GLP-1’s glucose lowering effects are attributable to a strong inhibition of glucagon secretion, and, thereby, a reduction of hepatic glucose output. The effects of GLP-1 on insulin secretion are mediated by binding of the hormone to the receptor (GLP-1r) on the pancreatic β-cell, which increases intracellular cAMP levels and sets in motion a plethora of events that lead to secretion. In contrast, the inhibitory effect of GLP-1 on the α-cell may be indirect, involving paracrine intra-islet regulation by somatostatin and possibly also insulin, although GLP-1 also inhibits glucagon secretion in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Besides these acute effects on the endocrine pancreas, GLP-1 also appears to have a positive effect on β-cell mass. In the following we will review GLP-1’s pancreatic effects with particular focus on its effects on pancreatic islets hormone secretion.
AB - Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a key hormone for regulation of blood glucose and satiety in humans. It is produced by L-cells of the gut epithelium and is particularly known as an incretin hormone that reduces post prandial blood glucose levels by stimulation of insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. But perhaps equally importantly, GLP-1’s glucose lowering effects are attributable to a strong inhibition of glucagon secretion, and, thereby, a reduction of hepatic glucose output. The effects of GLP-1 on insulin secretion are mediated by binding of the hormone to the receptor (GLP-1r) on the pancreatic β-cell, which increases intracellular cAMP levels and sets in motion a plethora of events that lead to secretion. In contrast, the inhibitory effect of GLP-1 on the α-cell may be indirect, involving paracrine intra-islet regulation by somatostatin and possibly also insulin, although GLP-1 also inhibits glucagon secretion in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Besides these acute effects on the endocrine pancreas, GLP-1 also appears to have a positive effect on β-cell mass. In the following we will review GLP-1’s pancreatic effects with particular focus on its effects on pancreatic islets hormone secretion.
KW - Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
KW - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
KW - Insulin
KW - Glucagon
KW - Somatostatin
U2 - 10.14496/dia.5104336169.8
DO - 10.14496/dia.5104336169.8
M3 - Encyclopedia chapter
BT - Diapedia
PB - European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)
ER -
ID: 138727484