The efficacy and safety of ketogenic diets in drug-resistant epilepsy in children and adolescents: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
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The efficacy and safety of ketogenic diets in drug-resistant epilepsy in children and adolescents: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. / Desli, Evangelia; Spilioti, Martha; Evangeliou, Athanasios; Styllas, Foteinos; Magkos, Faidon; Dalamaga, Maria.
In: Current Nutrition Reports, Vol. 11, No. 2, 2022, p. 102-116.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The efficacy and safety of ketogenic diets in drug-resistant epilepsy in children and adolescents: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
AU - Desli, Evangelia
AU - Spilioti, Martha
AU - Evangeliou, Athanasios
AU - Styllas, Foteinos
AU - Magkos, Faidon
AU - Dalamaga, Maria
N1 - © 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Purpose of review: Drug-resistant epilepsy represents around one-quarter of epilepsies worldwide. Although ketogenic diets (KD) have been used for refractory epilepsy since 1921, the past 15 years have witnessed an explosion of KD use in the management of epilepsy. We aimed to review evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the efficacy and safety of KD in drug-resistant epilepsy in children and adolescents.Recent findings: A literature search was performed in the Pubmed, Cohrane, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar databases. Predefined criteria were implemented regarding data extraction and study quality. Data were extracted from 14 RCTs in 1114 children and adolescents aged from 6 months to 18 years. Primary outcome was seizure reduction after the intervention. In 6 out of the 14 studies, there was a statistical significant seizure reduction by > 50% in the KD-treated group compared with the control group over a follow-up of 3-4 months. Secondary outcomes were adverse events, seizure severity, quality of life, and behavior. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most frequent adverse events. Serious adverse events were rare. We conclude that the KD is an effective treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy in children and adolescents. Accordingly, RCTs investigating long-term impact, cognitive and behavioral effects, and cost-effectiveness are much anticipated.
AB - Purpose of review: Drug-resistant epilepsy represents around one-quarter of epilepsies worldwide. Although ketogenic diets (KD) have been used for refractory epilepsy since 1921, the past 15 years have witnessed an explosion of KD use in the management of epilepsy. We aimed to review evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the efficacy and safety of KD in drug-resistant epilepsy in children and adolescents.Recent findings: A literature search was performed in the Pubmed, Cohrane, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar databases. Predefined criteria were implemented regarding data extraction and study quality. Data were extracted from 14 RCTs in 1114 children and adolescents aged from 6 months to 18 years. Primary outcome was seizure reduction after the intervention. In 6 out of the 14 studies, there was a statistical significant seizure reduction by > 50% in the KD-treated group compared with the control group over a follow-up of 3-4 months. Secondary outcomes were adverse events, seizure severity, quality of life, and behavior. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most frequent adverse events. Serious adverse events were rare. We conclude that the KD is an effective treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy in children and adolescents. Accordingly, RCTs investigating long-term impact, cognitive and behavioral effects, and cost-effectiveness are much anticipated.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Childhood epilepsy
KW - Drug-resistant epilepsy
KW - Refractory epilepsy
KW - Ketogenic diet
KW - Modified Atkins diet
KW - Low glycemic index
U2 - 10.1007/s13668-022-00405-4
DO - 10.1007/s13668-022-00405-4
M3 - Review
C2 - 35303283
VL - 11
SP - 102
EP - 116
JO - Current Nutrition Reports
JF - Current Nutrition Reports
SN - 2161-3311
IS - 2
ER -
ID: 300764513