A Mildly Relativistic Outflow from the Energetic, Fast-rising Blue Optical Transient CSS161010 in a Dwarf Galaxy
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A Mildly Relativistic Outflow from the Energetic, Fast-rising Blue Optical Transient CSS161010 in a Dwarf Galaxy. / Coppejans, D. L.; Margutti, R.; Terreran, G.; Nayana, A. J.; Coughlin, E. R.; Laskar, T.; Alexander, K. D.; Bietenholz, M.; Caprioli, D.; Chandra, P.; Drout, M. R.; Frederiks, D.; Frohmaier, C.; Hurley, K. H.; Kochanek, C. S.; MacLeod, M.; Meisner, A.; Nugent, P. E.; Ridnaia, A.; Sand, D. J.; Svinkin, D.; Ward, C.; Yang, S.; Baldeschi, A.; Chilingarian, I.; Dong, Y.; Esquivia, C.; Fong, W.; Guidorzi, C.; Lundqvist, P.; Milisavljevic, D.; Paterson, K.; Reichart, D. E.; Shappee, B.; Stroh, M. C.; Valenti, S.; Zauderer, B. A.; Zhang, B.
In: Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 895, No. 1, 23, 05.2020.Research output: Contribution to journal › Letter › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - A Mildly Relativistic Outflow from the Energetic, Fast-rising Blue Optical Transient CSS161010 in a Dwarf Galaxy
AU - Coppejans, D. L.
AU - Margutti, R.
AU - Terreran, G.
AU - Nayana, A. J.
AU - Coughlin, E. R.
AU - Laskar, T.
AU - Alexander, K. D.
AU - Bietenholz, M.
AU - Caprioli, D.
AU - Chandra, P.
AU - Drout, M. R.
AU - Frederiks, D.
AU - Frohmaier, C.
AU - Hurley, K. H.
AU - Kochanek, C. S.
AU - MacLeod, M.
AU - Meisner, A.
AU - Nugent, P. E.
AU - Ridnaia, A.
AU - Sand, D. J.
AU - Svinkin, D.
AU - Ward, C.
AU - Yang, S.
AU - Baldeschi, A.
AU - Chilingarian, I.
AU - Dong, Y.
AU - Esquivia, C.
AU - Fong, W.
AU - Guidorzi, C.
AU - Lundqvist, P.
AU - Milisavljevic, D.
AU - Paterson, K.
AU - Reichart, D. E.
AU - Shappee, B.
AU - Stroh, M. C.
AU - Valenti, S.
AU - Zauderer, B. A.
AU - Zhang, B.
PY - 2020/5
Y1 - 2020/5
N2 - We present X-ray and radio observations of the Fast Blue Optical Transient CRTS-CSS161010 J045834-081803 (CSS161010 hereafter) at t = 69-531 days. CSS161010 shows luminous X-ray (L-x similar to 5 x 10(39) erg s(-1)) and radio (L-nu similar to 10(29) erg s(-1) Hz(-1)) emission. The radio emission peaked at similar to 100 days post-transient explosion and rapidly decayed. We interpret these observations in the context of synchrotron emission from an expanding blast wave. CSS161010 launched a mildly relativistic outflow with velocity Gamma beta c >= 0.55c at similar to 100 days. This is faster than the non-relativistic AT 2018cow (Gamma beta c similar to 0.1c) and closer to ZTF18abvkwla (Gamma beta c >= 0.3c at 63 days). The inferred initial kinetic energy of CSS161010 (E-k greater than or similar to 10(51) erg) is comparable to that of long gamma-ray bursts, but the ejecta mass that is coupled to the mildly relativistic outflow is significantly larger (similar to 0.01-.1 M-circle dot). This is consistent with the lack of observed gamma-rays. The luminous X-rays were produced by a different emission component to the synchrotron radio emission. CSS161010 is located at similar to 150 Mpc in a dwarf galaxy with stellar mass M-* similar to 10(7) M-circle dot and specific star formation rate sSFR similar to 0.3 Gyr(-1). This mass is among the lowest inferred for host galaxies of explosive transients from massive stars. Our observations of CSS161010 are consistent with an engine-driven aspherical explosion from a rare evolutionary path of a H-rich stellar progenitor, but we cannot rule out a stellar tidal disruption event on a centrally located intermediate-mass black hole. Regardless of the physical mechanism, CSS161010 establishes the existence of a new class of rare (rate < 0.4% of the local core-collapse supernova rate) H-rich transients that can launch mildly relativistic outflows.
AB - We present X-ray and radio observations of the Fast Blue Optical Transient CRTS-CSS161010 J045834-081803 (CSS161010 hereafter) at t = 69-531 days. CSS161010 shows luminous X-ray (L-x similar to 5 x 10(39) erg s(-1)) and radio (L-nu similar to 10(29) erg s(-1) Hz(-1)) emission. The radio emission peaked at similar to 100 days post-transient explosion and rapidly decayed. We interpret these observations in the context of synchrotron emission from an expanding blast wave. CSS161010 launched a mildly relativistic outflow with velocity Gamma beta c >= 0.55c at similar to 100 days. This is faster than the non-relativistic AT 2018cow (Gamma beta c similar to 0.1c) and closer to ZTF18abvkwla (Gamma beta c >= 0.3c at 63 days). The inferred initial kinetic energy of CSS161010 (E-k greater than or similar to 10(51) erg) is comparable to that of long gamma-ray bursts, but the ejecta mass that is coupled to the mildly relativistic outflow is significantly larger (similar to 0.01-.1 M-circle dot). This is consistent with the lack of observed gamma-rays. The luminous X-rays were produced by a different emission component to the synchrotron radio emission. CSS161010 is located at similar to 150 Mpc in a dwarf galaxy with stellar mass M-* similar to 10(7) M-circle dot and specific star formation rate sSFR similar to 0.3 Gyr(-1). This mass is among the lowest inferred for host galaxies of explosive transients from massive stars. Our observations of CSS161010 are consistent with an engine-driven aspherical explosion from a rare evolutionary path of a H-rich stellar progenitor, but we cannot rule out a stellar tidal disruption event on a centrally located intermediate-mass black hole. Regardless of the physical mechanism, CSS161010 establishes the existence of a new class of rare (rate < 0.4% of the local core-collapse supernova rate) H-rich transients that can launch mildly relativistic outflows.
KW - Supernovae
KW - Accretion
KW - Black holes
KW - X-ray transient sources
KW - Radio transient sources
KW - GAMMA-RAY BURSTS
KW - STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS
KW - CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE
KW - TIDAL DISRUPTION
KW - BLACK-HOLES
KW - HOST GALAXIES
KW - IBC SUPERNOVA
KW - RADIO
KW - RATES
KW - EMISSION
U2 - 10.3847/2041-8213/ab8cc7
DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/ab8cc7
M3 - Letter
VL - 895
JO - The Astrophysical Journal Letters
JF - The Astrophysical Journal Letters
SN - 2041-8205
IS - 1
M1 - 23
ER -
ID: 271825270