The [C II]/[N II] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey

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The [C II]/[N II] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey. / Cunningham, D. J. M.; Chapman, S. C.; Aravena, M.; De Breuck, C.; Bethermin, M.; Chen, Chian-Chou; Dong, Chenxing; Gonzalez, A. H.; Greve, T. R.; Litke, K. C.; Ma, J.; Malkan, M.; Marrone, D. P.; Miller, T.; Phadke, K. A.; Reuter, C.; Rotermund, K.; Spilker, J. S.; Stark, A. A.; Strandet, M.; Vieira, J. D.; Weiss, A.

In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 494, No. 3, 01.05.2020, p. 4090-4097.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Cunningham, DJM, Chapman, SC, Aravena, M, De Breuck, C, Bethermin, M, Chen, C-C, Dong, C, Gonzalez, AH, Greve, TR, Litke, KC, Ma, J, Malkan, M, Marrone, DP, Miller, T, Phadke, KA, Reuter, C, Rotermund, K, Spilker, JS, Stark, AA, Strandet, M, Vieira, JD & Weiss, A 2020, 'The [C II]/[N II] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 494, no. 3, pp. 4090-4097. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa820

APA

Cunningham, D. J. M., Chapman, S. C., Aravena, M., De Breuck, C., Bethermin, M., Chen, C-C., Dong, C., Gonzalez, A. H., Greve, T. R., Litke, K. C., Ma, J., Malkan, M., Marrone, D. P., Miller, T., Phadke, K. A., Reuter, C., Rotermund, K., Spilker, J. S., Stark, A. A., ... Weiss, A. (2020). The [C II]/[N II] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 494(3), 4090-4097. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa820

Vancouver

Cunningham DJM, Chapman SC, Aravena M, De Breuck C, Bethermin M, Chen C-C et al. The [C II]/[N II] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020 May 1;494(3):4090-4097. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa820

Author

Cunningham, D. J. M. ; Chapman, S. C. ; Aravena, M. ; De Breuck, C. ; Bethermin, M. ; Chen, Chian-Chou ; Dong, Chenxing ; Gonzalez, A. H. ; Greve, T. R. ; Litke, K. C. ; Ma, J. ; Malkan, M. ; Marrone, D. P. ; Miller, T. ; Phadke, K. A. ; Reuter, C. ; Rotermund, K. ; Spilker, J. S. ; Stark, A. A. ; Strandet, M. ; Vieira, J. D. ; Weiss, A. / The [C II]/[N II] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey. In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020 ; Vol. 494, No. 3. pp. 4090-4097.

Bibtex

@article{e700d4a0aace448599fa6659b8f363bb,
title = "The [C II]/[N II] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey",
abstract = "We present Atacama Compact Array and Atacama Pathfinder Experiment observations of the [N II] 205 mu m fine-structure line in 40 sub-millimetre galaxies lying at redshifts z = 3-6, drawn from the 2500 deg(2) South Pole Thlescope survey. This represents the largest uniformly selected sample of high-redshift [N II] 205 mu m measurements to date. 29 sources also have [C II] 158 mu m line observations allowing a characterization of the distribution of the [C II] to [N II] luminosity ratio for the first time at high redshift. The sample exhibits a median L[C II] /L [N II]) approximate to 11.0 and interquartile range of 5.0 -24.7. These ratios are similar to those observed in local (Ultra)luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), possibly indicating similarities in their interstellar medium. At the extremes, we find individual sub-millimetre galaxies with L[C II]/L [N II] low enough to suggest a smaller contribution from neutral gas than ionized gas to the [C II] flux and high enough to suggest strongly photon or X-ray region dominated flux. These results highlight a large range in this line luminosity ratio for sub-millimetre galaxies, which may be caused by variations in gas density, the relative abundances of carbon and nitrogen, ionization parameter, metallicity, and a variation in the fractional abundance of ionized and neutral interstellar medium.",
keywords = "galaxies: evolution, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: statistics, submillimetre: galaxies, submillimetre: ISM, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, DEEP FIELD-SOUTH, REDSHIFT SURVEY, NUMBER COUNTS, BRIGHT",
author = "Cunningham, {D. J. M.} and Chapman, {S. C.} and M. Aravena and {De Breuck}, C. and M. Bethermin and Chian-Chou Chen and Chenxing Dong and Gonzalez, {A. H.} and Greve, {T. R.} and Litke, {K. C.} and J. Ma and M. Malkan and Marrone, {D. P.} and T. Miller and Phadke, {K. A.} and C. Reuter and K. Rotermund and Spilker, {J. S.} and Stark, {A. A.} and M. Strandet and Vieira, {J. D.} and A. Weiss",
year = "2020",
month = may,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/mnras/staa820",
language = "English",
volume = "494",
pages = "4090--4097",
journal = "Royal Astronomical Society. Monthly Notices",
issn = "0035-8711",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "3",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - The [C II]/[N II] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey

AU - Cunningham, D. J. M.

AU - Chapman, S. C.

AU - Aravena, M.

AU - De Breuck, C.

AU - Bethermin, M.

AU - Chen, Chian-Chou

AU - Dong, Chenxing

AU - Gonzalez, A. H.

AU - Greve, T. R.

AU - Litke, K. C.

AU - Ma, J.

AU - Malkan, M.

AU - Marrone, D. P.

AU - Miller, T.

AU - Phadke, K. A.

AU - Reuter, C.

AU - Rotermund, K.

AU - Spilker, J. S.

AU - Stark, A. A.

AU - Strandet, M.

AU - Vieira, J. D.

AU - Weiss, A.

PY - 2020/5/1

Y1 - 2020/5/1

N2 - We present Atacama Compact Array and Atacama Pathfinder Experiment observations of the [N II] 205 mu m fine-structure line in 40 sub-millimetre galaxies lying at redshifts z = 3-6, drawn from the 2500 deg(2) South Pole Thlescope survey. This represents the largest uniformly selected sample of high-redshift [N II] 205 mu m measurements to date. 29 sources also have [C II] 158 mu m line observations allowing a characterization of the distribution of the [C II] to [N II] luminosity ratio for the first time at high redshift. The sample exhibits a median L[C II] /L [N II]) approximate to 11.0 and interquartile range of 5.0 -24.7. These ratios are similar to those observed in local (Ultra)luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), possibly indicating similarities in their interstellar medium. At the extremes, we find individual sub-millimetre galaxies with L[C II]/L [N II] low enough to suggest a smaller contribution from neutral gas than ionized gas to the [C II] flux and high enough to suggest strongly photon or X-ray region dominated flux. These results highlight a large range in this line luminosity ratio for sub-millimetre galaxies, which may be caused by variations in gas density, the relative abundances of carbon and nitrogen, ionization parameter, metallicity, and a variation in the fractional abundance of ionized and neutral interstellar medium.

AB - We present Atacama Compact Array and Atacama Pathfinder Experiment observations of the [N II] 205 mu m fine-structure line in 40 sub-millimetre galaxies lying at redshifts z = 3-6, drawn from the 2500 deg(2) South Pole Thlescope survey. This represents the largest uniformly selected sample of high-redshift [N II] 205 mu m measurements to date. 29 sources also have [C II] 158 mu m line observations allowing a characterization of the distribution of the [C II] to [N II] luminosity ratio for the first time at high redshift. The sample exhibits a median L[C II] /L [N II]) approximate to 11.0 and interquartile range of 5.0 -24.7. These ratios are similar to those observed in local (Ultra)luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), possibly indicating similarities in their interstellar medium. At the extremes, we find individual sub-millimetre galaxies with L[C II]/L [N II] low enough to suggest a smaller contribution from neutral gas than ionized gas to the [C II] flux and high enough to suggest strongly photon or X-ray region dominated flux. These results highlight a large range in this line luminosity ratio for sub-millimetre galaxies, which may be caused by variations in gas density, the relative abundances of carbon and nitrogen, ionization parameter, metallicity, and a variation in the fractional abundance of ionized and neutral interstellar medium.

KW - galaxies: evolution

KW - galaxies: high-redshift

KW - galaxies: statistics

KW - submillimetre: galaxies

KW - submillimetre: ISM

KW - STAR-FORMING GALAXIES

KW - DEEP FIELD-SOUTH

KW - REDSHIFT SURVEY

KW - NUMBER COUNTS

KW - BRIGHT

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/staa820

DO - 10.1093/mnras/staa820

M3 - Journal article

VL - 494

SP - 4090

EP - 4097

JO - Royal Astronomical Society. Monthly Notices

JF - Royal Astronomical Society. Monthly Notices

SN - 0035-8711

IS - 3

ER -

ID: 319599339