Effect of a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event on belemnite ecology and evolution
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Effect of a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event on belemnite ecology and evolution. / Ullmann, Clemens Vinzenz; Thibault, Nicolas Rudolph; Ruhl, Micha; Hesselbo, Stephen P; Korte, Christoph.
In: PNAS, Vol. 111, No. 28, 15.07.2014, p. 10073-10076.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event on belemnite ecology and evolution
AU - Ullmann, Clemens Vinzenz
AU - Thibault, Nicolas Rudolph
AU - Ruhl, Micha
AU - Hesselbo, Stephen P
AU - Korte, Christoph
PY - 2014/7/15
Y1 - 2014/7/15
N2 - The Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE; ∼183 million y ago) ispossibly the most extreme episode of widespread ocean oxygendeficiency in the Phanerozoic, coinciding with rapid atmosphericpCO2 increase and significant loss of biodiversity in marine faunas.The event is a unique past tipping point in the Earth system, whererapid and massive release of isotopically light carbon led to a majorperturbation in the global carbon cycle as recorded in organic andinorganic C isotope records. Modern marine ecosystems are projectedto experience major loss in biodiversity in response toenhanced ocean anoxia driven by anthropogenic release of greenhousegases. Potential consequences of this anthropogenic forcingcan be approximated by studying analog environmental perturbationsin the past such as the T-OAE. Here we present to our knowledgethe first organic carbon isotope record derived from theorganic matrix in the calcite rostra of early Toarcian belemnites.We combine both organic and calcite carbon isotope analyses ofindividual specimens of these marine predators to obtain a refinedreconstruction of the early Toarcian global exogenic carbon cycleperturbation and belemnite paleoecology. The organic carbon isotopedata combined with measurements of oxygen isotope valuesfrom the same specimens allow for a more robust interpretation ofthe interplay between the global carbon cycle perturbation, environmentalchange, and biotic response during the T-OAE. We inferthat belemnites adapted to environmental change by shifting theirhabitat from cold bottom waters to warm surface waters in responseto expanded seafloor anoxia.
AB - The Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE; ∼183 million y ago) ispossibly the most extreme episode of widespread ocean oxygendeficiency in the Phanerozoic, coinciding with rapid atmosphericpCO2 increase and significant loss of biodiversity in marine faunas.The event is a unique past tipping point in the Earth system, whererapid and massive release of isotopically light carbon led to a majorperturbation in the global carbon cycle as recorded in organic andinorganic C isotope records. Modern marine ecosystems are projectedto experience major loss in biodiversity in response toenhanced ocean anoxia driven by anthropogenic release of greenhousegases. Potential consequences of this anthropogenic forcingcan be approximated by studying analog environmental perturbationsin the past such as the T-OAE. Here we present to our knowledgethe first organic carbon isotope record derived from theorganic matrix in the calcite rostra of early Toarcian belemnites.We combine both organic and calcite carbon isotope analyses ofindividual specimens of these marine predators to obtain a refinedreconstruction of the early Toarcian global exogenic carbon cycleperturbation and belemnite paleoecology. The organic carbon isotopedata combined with measurements of oxygen isotope valuesfrom the same specimens allow for a more robust interpretation ofthe interplay between the global carbon cycle perturbation, environmentalchange, and biotic response during the T-OAE. We inferthat belemnites adapted to environmental change by shifting theirhabitat from cold bottom waters to warm surface waters in responseto expanded seafloor anoxia.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Ecology
KW - Belemnites
KW - Oceanic Anoxic Event
KW - Toarcian
KW - Carbon Isotopes
KW - Oxygen isotopes
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1320156111
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1320156111
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 24982187
VL - 111
SP - 10073
EP - 10076
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
SN - 0027-8424
IS - 28
ER -
ID: 118843493