An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*

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An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*. / Sahu, Kailash C.; Anderson, Jay; Casertano, Stefano; Bond, Howard E.; Udalski, Andrzej; Dominik, Martin; Calamida, Annalisa; Bellini, Andrea; Brown, Thomas M.; Rejkuba, Marina; Bajaj, Varun; Kains, Noe; Ferguson, Henry C.; Fryer, Chris L.; Yock, Philip; Mroz, Przemek; Kozlowski, Szymon; Pietrukowicz, Pawel; Poleski, Radek; Skowron, Jan; Soszynski, Igor; Szymanski, Michal K.; Ulaczyk, Krzysztof; Wyrzykowski, Lukasz; Barry, Richard K.; Bennett, David P.; Bond, Ian A.; Hirao, Yuki; Silva, Stela Ishitani; Kondo, Iona; Koshimoto, Naoki; Ranc, Clement; Rattenbury, Nicholas J.; Sumi, Takahiro; Suzuki, Daisuke; Tristram, Paul J.; Vandorou, Aikaterini; Beaulieu, Philippe; Marquette, Jean-Baptiste; Cole, Andrew; Fouque, Pascal; Hill, Kym; Dieters, Stefan; Coutures, Christian; Dominis-Prester, Dijana; Bennett, Clara; Jorgensen, Uffe G.; Andersen, Michael; Hundertmark, Markus; Skottfelt, Jesper; OGLE Collaboration; MOA Collaboration; PLANET Collaboration; FUN Collaboration; MINDSTEp Consortium; RoboNet Collaboration.

In: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 933, No. 1, 83, 01.07.2022.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Sahu, KC, Anderson, J, Casertano, S, Bond, HE, Udalski, A, Dominik, M, Calamida, A, Bellini, A, Brown, TM, Rejkuba, M, Bajaj, V, Kains, N, Ferguson, HC, Fryer, CL, Yock, P, Mroz, P, Kozlowski, S, Pietrukowicz, P, Poleski, R, Skowron, J, Soszynski, I, Szymanski, MK, Ulaczyk, K, Wyrzykowski, L, Barry, RK, Bennett, DP, Bond, IA, Hirao, Y, Silva, SI, Kondo, I, Koshimoto, N, Ranc, C, Rattenbury, NJ, Sumi, T, Suzuki, D, Tristram, PJ, Vandorou, A, Beaulieu, P, Marquette, J-B, Cole, A, Fouque, P, Hill, K, Dieters, S, Coutures, C, Dominis-Prester, D, Bennett, C, Jorgensen, UG, Andersen, M, Hundertmark, M, Skottfelt, J, OGLE Collaboration, MOA Collaboration, PLANET Collaboration, FUN Collaboration, MINDSTEp Consortium & RoboNet Collaboration 2022, 'An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 933, no. 1, 83. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e

APA

Sahu, K. C., Anderson, J., Casertano, S., Bond, H. E., Udalski, A., Dominik, M., Calamida, A., Bellini, A., Brown, T. M., Rejkuba, M., Bajaj, V., Kains, N., Ferguson, H. C., Fryer, C. L., Yock, P., Mroz, P., Kozlowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Poleski, R., ... RoboNet Collaboration (2022). An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*. Astrophysical Journal, 933(1), [83]. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e

Vancouver

Sahu KC, Anderson J, Casertano S, Bond HE, Udalski A, Dominik M et al. An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*. Astrophysical Journal. 2022 Jul 1;933(1). 83. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e

Author

Sahu, Kailash C. ; Anderson, Jay ; Casertano, Stefano ; Bond, Howard E. ; Udalski, Andrzej ; Dominik, Martin ; Calamida, Annalisa ; Bellini, Andrea ; Brown, Thomas M. ; Rejkuba, Marina ; Bajaj, Varun ; Kains, Noe ; Ferguson, Henry C. ; Fryer, Chris L. ; Yock, Philip ; Mroz, Przemek ; Kozlowski, Szymon ; Pietrukowicz, Pawel ; Poleski, Radek ; Skowron, Jan ; Soszynski, Igor ; Szymanski, Michal K. ; Ulaczyk, Krzysztof ; Wyrzykowski, Lukasz ; Barry, Richard K. ; Bennett, David P. ; Bond, Ian A. ; Hirao, Yuki ; Silva, Stela Ishitani ; Kondo, Iona ; Koshimoto, Naoki ; Ranc, Clement ; Rattenbury, Nicholas J. ; Sumi, Takahiro ; Suzuki, Daisuke ; Tristram, Paul J. ; Vandorou, Aikaterini ; Beaulieu, Philippe ; Marquette, Jean-Baptiste ; Cole, Andrew ; Fouque, Pascal ; Hill, Kym ; Dieters, Stefan ; Coutures, Christian ; Dominis-Prester, Dijana ; Bennett, Clara ; Jorgensen, Uffe G. ; Andersen, Michael ; Hundertmark, Markus ; Skottfelt, Jesper ; OGLE Collaboration ; MOA Collaboration ; PLANET Collaboration ; FUN Collaboration ; MINDSTEp Consortium ; RoboNet Collaboration. / An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*. In: Astrophysical Journal. 2022 ; Vol. 933, No. 1.

Bibtex

@article{90229719bf2c470688b98e4eda67cb00,
title = "An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*",
abstract = "We report the first unambiguous detection and mass measurement of an isolated stellar-mass black hole (BH). We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to carry out precise astrometry of the source star of the long-duration (t (E) similar or equal to 270 days), high-magnification microlensing event MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 (hereafter designated as MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462), in the direction of the Galactic bulge. HST imaging, conducted at eight epochs over an interval of 6 yr, reveals a clear relativistic astrometric deflection of the background star's apparent position. Ground-based photometry of MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462 shows a parallactic signature of the effect of Earth's motion on the microlensing light curve. Combining the HST astrometry with the ground-based light curve and the derived parallax, we obtain a lens mass of 7.1 +/- 1.3 M (circle dot) and a distance of 1.58 +/- 0.18 kpc. We show that the lens emits no detectable light, which, along with having a mass higher than is possible for a white dwarf or neutron star, confirms its BH nature. Our analysis also provides an absolute proper motion for the BH. The proper motion is offset from the mean motion of Galactic disk stars at similar distances by an amount corresponding to a transverse space velocity of similar to 45 km s(-1), suggesting that the BH received a {"}natal kick{"} from its supernova explosion. Previous mass determinations for stellar-mass BHs have come from radial velocity measurements of Galactic X-ray binaries and from gravitational radiation emitted by merging BHs in binary systems in external galaxies. Our mass measurement is the first for an isolated stellar-mass BH using any technique.",
keywords = "GRAVITATIONAL LENS, BINARY, EVOLUTION, STAR, PHOTOMETRY, PARALLAX, PLANETS, EVENTS, DEFLECTION, RESOLUTION",
author = "Sahu, {Kailash C.} and Jay Anderson and Stefano Casertano and Bond, {Howard E.} and Andrzej Udalski and Martin Dominik and Annalisa Calamida and Andrea Bellini and Brown, {Thomas M.} and Marina Rejkuba and Varun Bajaj and Noe Kains and Ferguson, {Henry C.} and Fryer, {Chris L.} and Philip Yock and Przemek Mroz and Szymon Kozlowski and Pawel Pietrukowicz and Radek Poleski and Jan Skowron and Igor Soszynski and Szymanski, {Michal K.} and Krzysztof Ulaczyk and Lukasz Wyrzykowski and Barry, {Richard K.} and Bennett, {David P.} and Bond, {Ian A.} and Yuki Hirao and Silva, {Stela Ishitani} and Iona Kondo and Naoki Koshimoto and Clement Ranc and Rattenbury, {Nicholas J.} and Takahiro Sumi and Daisuke Suzuki and Tristram, {Paul J.} and Aikaterini Vandorou and Philippe Beaulieu and Jean-Baptiste Marquette and Andrew Cole and Pascal Fouque and Kym Hill and Stefan Dieters and Christian Coutures and Dijana Dominis-Prester and Clara Bennett and Jorgensen, {Uffe G.} and Michael Andersen and Markus Hundertmark and Jesper Skottfelt and {OGLE Collaboration} and {MOA Collaboration} and {PLANET Collaboration} and {FUN Collaboration} and {MINDSTEp Consortium} and {RoboNet Collaboration}",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
day = "1",
doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e",
language = "English",
volume = "933",
journal = "Astrophysical Journal",
issn = "0004-637X",
publisher = "Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc",
number = "1",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - An Isolated Stellar-mass Black Hole Detected through Astrometric Microlensing*

AU - Sahu, Kailash C.

AU - Anderson, Jay

AU - Casertano, Stefano

AU - Bond, Howard E.

AU - Udalski, Andrzej

AU - Dominik, Martin

AU - Calamida, Annalisa

AU - Bellini, Andrea

AU - Brown, Thomas M.

AU - Rejkuba, Marina

AU - Bajaj, Varun

AU - Kains, Noe

AU - Ferguson, Henry C.

AU - Fryer, Chris L.

AU - Yock, Philip

AU - Mroz, Przemek

AU - Kozlowski, Szymon

AU - Pietrukowicz, Pawel

AU - Poleski, Radek

AU - Skowron, Jan

AU - Soszynski, Igor

AU - Szymanski, Michal K.

AU - Ulaczyk, Krzysztof

AU - Wyrzykowski, Lukasz

AU - Barry, Richard K.

AU - Bennett, David P.

AU - Bond, Ian A.

AU - Hirao, Yuki

AU - Silva, Stela Ishitani

AU - Kondo, Iona

AU - Koshimoto, Naoki

AU - Ranc, Clement

AU - Rattenbury, Nicholas J.

AU - Sumi, Takahiro

AU - Suzuki, Daisuke

AU - Tristram, Paul J.

AU - Vandorou, Aikaterini

AU - Beaulieu, Philippe

AU - Marquette, Jean-Baptiste

AU - Cole, Andrew

AU - Fouque, Pascal

AU - Hill, Kym

AU - Dieters, Stefan

AU - Coutures, Christian

AU - Dominis-Prester, Dijana

AU - Bennett, Clara

AU - Jorgensen, Uffe G.

AU - Andersen, Michael

AU - Hundertmark, Markus

AU - Skottfelt, Jesper

AU - OGLE Collaboration

AU - MOA Collaboration

AU - PLANET Collaboration

AU - FUN Collaboration

AU - MINDSTEp Consortium

AU - RoboNet Collaboration

PY - 2022/7/1

Y1 - 2022/7/1

N2 - We report the first unambiguous detection and mass measurement of an isolated stellar-mass black hole (BH). We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to carry out precise astrometry of the source star of the long-duration (t (E) similar or equal to 270 days), high-magnification microlensing event MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 (hereafter designated as MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462), in the direction of the Galactic bulge. HST imaging, conducted at eight epochs over an interval of 6 yr, reveals a clear relativistic astrometric deflection of the background star's apparent position. Ground-based photometry of MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462 shows a parallactic signature of the effect of Earth's motion on the microlensing light curve. Combining the HST astrometry with the ground-based light curve and the derived parallax, we obtain a lens mass of 7.1 +/- 1.3 M (circle dot) and a distance of 1.58 +/- 0.18 kpc. We show that the lens emits no detectable light, which, along with having a mass higher than is possible for a white dwarf or neutron star, confirms its BH nature. Our analysis also provides an absolute proper motion for the BH. The proper motion is offset from the mean motion of Galactic disk stars at similar distances by an amount corresponding to a transverse space velocity of similar to 45 km s(-1), suggesting that the BH received a "natal kick" from its supernova explosion. Previous mass determinations for stellar-mass BHs have come from radial velocity measurements of Galactic X-ray binaries and from gravitational radiation emitted by merging BHs in binary systems in external galaxies. Our mass measurement is the first for an isolated stellar-mass BH using any technique.

AB - We report the first unambiguous detection and mass measurement of an isolated stellar-mass black hole (BH). We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to carry out precise astrometry of the source star of the long-duration (t (E) similar or equal to 270 days), high-magnification microlensing event MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 (hereafter designated as MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462), in the direction of the Galactic bulge. HST imaging, conducted at eight epochs over an interval of 6 yr, reveals a clear relativistic astrometric deflection of the background star's apparent position. Ground-based photometry of MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462 shows a parallactic signature of the effect of Earth's motion on the microlensing light curve. Combining the HST astrometry with the ground-based light curve and the derived parallax, we obtain a lens mass of 7.1 +/- 1.3 M (circle dot) and a distance of 1.58 +/- 0.18 kpc. We show that the lens emits no detectable light, which, along with having a mass higher than is possible for a white dwarf or neutron star, confirms its BH nature. Our analysis also provides an absolute proper motion for the BH. The proper motion is offset from the mean motion of Galactic disk stars at similar distances by an amount corresponding to a transverse space velocity of similar to 45 km s(-1), suggesting that the BH received a "natal kick" from its supernova explosion. Previous mass determinations for stellar-mass BHs have come from radial velocity measurements of Galactic X-ray binaries and from gravitational radiation emitted by merging BHs in binary systems in external galaxies. Our mass measurement is the first for an isolated stellar-mass BH using any technique.

KW - GRAVITATIONAL LENS

KW - BINARY

KW - EVOLUTION

KW - STAR

KW - PHOTOMETRY

KW - PARALLAX

KW - PLANETS

KW - EVENTS

KW - DEFLECTION

KW - RESOLUTION

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e

M3 - Journal article

VL - 933

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

SN - 0004-637X

IS - 1

M1 - 83

ER -

ID: 315392839